[1]汪映雪,陶小军.明代江南文人雅俗观念的嬗变[J].常州大学学报(社会科学版),2017,18(03):110-116.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-042X.2017.03.016]
　Wang Yingxue,Tao Xiaojun.The Transmutation of Refinement and Vulgarity ofJiangnan literati in the Ming Dynasty[J].Journal of Changzhou University(Social Science Edition),2017,18(03):110-116.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-042X.2017.03.016]
点击复制

明代江南文人雅俗观念的嬗变()
分享到：

常州大学学报(社会科学版)[ISSN:2095-042X/CN:32-1821/C]

卷:
第18卷
期数:
2017年03期
页码:
110-116
栏目:
文史研究
出版日期:
2017-06-10

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Transmutation of Refinement and Vulgarity ofJiangnan literati in the Ming Dynasty
作者:
汪映雪; 陶小军
Author(s):
Wang Yingxue;  Tao Xiaojun
关键词:
明代江南地区;  雅俗观;  文人生活
Keywords:
Jiangnan area in the Ming Dynasty;  the notion of refinement and vulgarity;  literati life
分类号:
K248
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.2095-042X.2017.03.016
摘要:
中国古代的雅俗观念具有时代性,文人阶层以其较高的审美修养对雅俗之辨产生了深刻影响。明代文人继承和发扬了前代文人所发展起来的雅文化,形成了一套生活美学的实践标准。随着江南成为经济和文化重心,江南地区的文人在雅俗审美中处于权威地位,他们所带动的消费观念亦成为一时之风尚。这使得明代江南文人的雅文化透过市场机制流入了世俗社会,成为世俗大众纷纷效仿的对象。由于文人所代表的雅文化是其阶级优越感的来源之一,并借以获得来自其他阶层的普遍推崇,因而文人格外注重雅俗区格,以维护自身的精英属性。随着晚明社会中僭越行为的增多,江南文人越加重视品鉴能力,强化文人的主体作用,从而把控雅俗观念的主导权。
Abstract:
The concept of Refinement and vulgarity in ancient China has its epochal characters. The scholarly class, with high cultivation and aesthetics, has profound influence on the standards of refinement and vulgarity. Literati in the Ming Dynasty inherited and carried forward the previous literati culture of refinement, and they formed a set of aesthetics practices in life. As Jiangnan area turned into the economic and cultural center at that time, literati there became aesthetic authority of refinement and vulgarity. They lead the social tide of consumption. Thus, literati refinement culture flowed into the worldly society through the market mechanism and the secular public desired to follow them. Jiangnan literati represented the elegance, which was one of the sources of superiority and respected by other social classes. Therefore, literati paid more attention to distinguish refinement from vulgarity in order to maintain their own elite attributes. With increasing extravagant and arrogant activities in the late Ming Dynasty, Jiangnan literati specially valued the tasting ability and strengthened the importance of literati, so they could firmly control standards of refinement and vulgarity.

参考文献/References:

[1]孔颖达.毛诗正义[M]//影印十三经注疏.阮刻本.北京:中华书局,1980:272.
[2]李春青.论雅俗——对中国古代审美趣味历史演变的一种考察[J].思想战线,2011(1):111-116.
[3]张彦远.历代名画记[M].北京:京华出版社,2000:52.
[4]郭若虚.图画见闻志[M].南京:江苏美术出版社,2007:34.
[5]米芾.画史[M]//宋人画论.熊志庭,刘城淮,金五德,译注.长沙:湖南美术出版社,2000:132.
[6]赵希鹄.洞天清录[M].杭州:浙江人民美术出版社,2016:3.
[7]钱谦益.列朝诗集小传[M].台北:世界书局出版社,1985:303.
[8]朱国祯.涌幢小品[M]//上海古籍出版社.历代笔记小说大观.上海:上海古籍出版社,2012:42.
[9]范金民.明清江南进士数量、地域分布及其特色分析[J].南京大学学报(哲学·人文·社会科学),1997,34(2):171-178.
[10]张廷玉.明史[M]//二十四史.北京:中华书局,2000:3129.
[11]赵弘恩,黄之隽.江南通志[M]//景印文渊阁四库全书:第507册.台北:台湾商务印书馆,1986:601.
[12]袁中道.珂雪斋集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1989:739.
[13]吴伟业.吴梅村全集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1998:783.
[14]王士性.广志绎[M].北京:中华书局,1997:33.
[15]张岱.琅嬛文集[M].长沙:岳麓书社,1985:142-143.
[16]张瀚.松窗梦语[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1986:70.
[17]李维桢.大泌山房集[M]//四库全书存目丛书:集部第152册.济南:齐鲁书社,1997:497.
[18]何良俊.四友斋丛说[M].北京:中华书局,1997:255.
[19]王世贞.觚不觚录[M]//景印文渊阁四库全书:第1041册.台北:台湾商务印书馆,1983:440.
[20]王世贞.弇州山人四部稿[M]//中国艺术文献丛刊.杭州:浙江人民美术出版社,2012:472.
[21]沈德符.万历野获编[M]. 北京:中华书局,1959:653.
[22]王鸿泰.雅俗的辩证——明代赏玩文化的流行与士商关系的交错[J].新史学,2006(4):73-143.
[23]黄一斓.明晚期日常生活中的尚茶风俗——基于同期小说材料的考察[J].常州大学学报(社会科学版),2017,18(1):85-91.
[24]屠隆.考槃余事[M].杭州:浙江人民美术出版社,2011:319.
[25]高濂.遵生八笺[M].成都:巴蜀书社,1992:309.
[26]姚士麟.见只编[M]//王云五.丛书集成初编:卷上.上海:商务印书馆,1936:61.
[27]陈继儒.花史跋[M]//致新.历代小品性灵.武汉:崇文书局,2004:155.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
作者简介:汪映雪,南京大学历史学院博士研究生; 陶小军,南京艺术学院文化产业学院副研究员。
基金项目:国家社会科学基金一般项目“晚明书画消费与文人生活”(16BA008); 江苏高校哲学社会科学重点项目“中国艺术与中国精神研究”(2016ZDIXM028); 江苏省社会科学基金重大项目“江苏碑刻文献整理与研究”(15ZD007)。
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-06-10